A second fleet arrived in Australia in 1790 and a third fleet came in 1791. Food was rationed and the rations were anything but generous. At first things were difficult for the colonists and food was short although Phillip sent a ship to South Africa for more provisions which returned in May 1789. He became British Secretary of State in 1783 and recommended the British establish a colony in Australia. Sydney was named after Thomas Townshend – Lord Sydney (1733-1800). They were commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip (1738-1814). The first colonists came ashore at Port Jackson on 26 January 1788. With them, they took seeds, farm implements, livestock such as cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, horses, and chickens, and 2 years supply of food. Onboard were 759 convicts, most of them men with sailors and marines to guard the prisoners. On, a fleet of 11 ships set sail from Portsmouth, England. Sydney was founded in 1788 when the first fleet arrived in Australia from England.
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